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本周物理讲座:AI磁学与量子前沿

发布时间:2026-05-12 09:37来源:微信阅读:5

1 An artificial intelligence era of magnetism

时间:5月12日(周二)10:00

单位:清华大学物理系

地点:物理楼W361会议室

摘要:

磁性材料虽在生活中无处不在,但种类选择有限,发掘新型材料极具挑战。近年来,机器学习与人工智能的兴起彻底改变了材料发现领域,为寻找新型功能磁性材料带来了希望。然而,目前缺乏全面的磁性材料数据库。本讲座将利用先进的语言模型,从同行评审期刊文章中提取实验数据,构建包含超6万种磁性材料的数据库(含超导体和热电材料),旨在加速材料发现,开启磁学新时代。

报告人简介:

Prof. Jiadong Zang received bachelor’s degree in 2007 and PhD degree in 2012, both from Fudan University. He was a postdoctoral fellow in the Institute of Quantum Matter at the Johns Hopkins University during 2012-2015. In 2015, he joined the Department of Physics at the University of New Hampshire (UNH) as an assistant professor. He was promoted to associate professor in 2020, and then to the full professor in 2023. His research field is theoretical condensed matter physics with a focus on many aspects of magnetism, including topological magnetism, quantum transport, and functional magnetic materials. Prof. Zang was recipient of IUPAP Young Scientist Prize in the field of magnetism and the Alexander von Humboldt Fellowship for Experienced Researchers. He was the chair of the APS New England Section.

2 Controls on long-term paleoclimate change – paleogeography versus CO₂

时间:5月12日(周二)15:00

单位:北京大学物理学院

地点:物理大楼北539教室

3 Lifetime of the Thorium-229 Nuclear Isomer in Various Charge States

时间:5月13日(周三)10:00

单位:中国科学院理论物理研究所

地点:南楼6620

摘要:。

The thorium-229 nucleus has an extremely low-lying excited state, called a nuclear isomer, at an energy of 8.36 eV above its ground state. This energy is comparable to that of valence electrons. A phenomenon unique to this isomer is that its decay mode and lifetime vary depending on the electronic configuration.

Using an ion trap apparatus, we measured the decay lifetimes of the thorium-229 isomer in neutral, singly and triply charged states and estimated the lifetime in the doubly charged state. The isomer ions were obtained as recoil ions from the alpha decay of uranium-233. Our results for neutral and doubly charged isomers are consistent with previous studies, while the lifetimes of the singly and triply charged isomers were newly measured in this work. The observed isomer lifetimes differ by several orders of magnitude between charge states. Specifically, the lifetime of the singly charged isomer indicates the existence of a new decay mode: the electronic bridge (EB) decay.

Our findings pave the way for the development of a nuclear clock using triply charged thorium-229 and provide deeper insight into EB decay, where nuclear-electron interactions play a crucial role.

报告人简介:

Dr. Atsushi Yamaguchi earned his doctoral degree from Kyoto University. He subsequently worked at National Institute of Communications Technology (NICT) as a post-doctoral fellow. He then moved to Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB) in Germany as an Alexander von Humbold Fellow. After two and half years at PTB, he joined Quantum Metrology Laboratory at RIKEN. He is now a senior research scientist at Spacetime Engineering Research Team at RIKEN and working on trapped-ion nuclear clock.

4 城市气候韧性与高分辨率城市气候模式研发进展

时间:5月13日(周三)13:30

单位:北京大学物理学院

地点:物理大楼北547教室

5 AI赋能的海洋环流预报

时间:5月13日(周三)15:00

单位:北京大学物理学院

6 蛋白质水凝胶网络力学设计

时间:5月13日(周三)16:00

单位:中国科学院理论物理研究所

7 Classical Gravitational Dynamics from Quantum Field Theory

时间:5月14日(周四)10:00

单位:中国科学院理论物理研究所

摘要:

High-precision theoretical predictions for the motion of binary black hole or/and neutron star systems are essential for maximizing the discovery potential of current and future gravitational-wave observatories, such as LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA, Taiji, TianQin, and Einstein Telescope. Surprisingly, the most powerful analytic toolkit for the classical problem originates from Quantum Field Theory. This presentation explores how Effective Field Theory approaches combined with state-of-the-art Feynman multi-loop techniques have revolutionized our ability to solve the gravitational two-body problem with unprecedented analytical precision.

报告人简介:

刘正文,东南大学物理学院与丘成桐中心教授。2019年于鲁汶大学获博士学位,2019至2022年在德国同步电子加速器国家研究中心(DESY)从事研究工作,2022年加入玻尔研究所担任助理教授,2024年入职东南大学,入选国家海外高层次青年人才项目。近年来,与合作者将量子场论与数学中的现代解析技术系统引入经典两体问题研究,取得了一批高精度解析结果。已在国际高水平期刊发表学术论文20余篇,其中5篇出版于Physical Review Letters,并受邀为Nature撰写评述文章。

8 果蝇嗅觉信息的编码与加工

时间:5月14日(周四)10:30

单位:中国科学院理论物理研究所

9 Floquet engineering of quantum materials: from semiconducting black phosphorus to graphene

时间:5月14日(周四)14:30

单位:清华大学物理系

摘要:

Time-periodic light-field can dress the electronic states of quantum materials, providing a fascinating controlling knob for transient modifications of the electronic structure with versatile light-induced emergent phenomena. In this talk, I will present our recent experimental progress on the Floquet engineering of quantum materials using time- and angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (TrARPES). In particular, experimental progress on the Floquet engineering of semiconducting black phosphorus, topological insulator, graphene and graphite will be presented. Experimental insights on Floquet engineering and light-matter interactions in quantum materials will also be discussed.

报告人简介:

Shuyun Zhou is a professor of Physics at Tsinghua University. Her research focuses on the electronic structure and ultrafast dynamics of low-dimensional materials and heterostructures, in particular Floquet engineering of quantum material using ultrafast lasers. Her recognitions include the Xplore Prize, Huang Kun Physics Prize, Sir Martin Wood low temperature prize, L’Oreal-UNESCO Award for Women in Science, China.

10 新型制冷材料

时间:5月14日(周四)15:00

单位:北京大学物理学院

摘要:

制冷技术是人类现代文明的重要基石之一。当前制冷材料领域面对两大挑战:研制低碳高效的室温制冷新材料,满足“双碳”战略和《基加利修正案》要求;探索极低温无氦制冷新原理、新材料,规避氦气短缺的问题。针对前者,我们发现并命名了相变庞压卡效应和溶解压卡效应;而针对后者,我们提出了全温区压卡效应和铁磁性极低温磁制冷材料的解决方案。在本次报告中,将首先从物理机理-材料优选-系统集成的全链条角度详细阐述基于相变庞压卡效应的研究结果;其次,将汇报新近发现的溶液压卡效应及其突破制冷“不可能三角关系”的重要意义;再次,将汇报在KPF6中发现的全温区压卡效应;最后,汇报在铁磁性碱金属稀土氟化物(LiHoF4和NH4GdF4)中发现的4 K温区和亚开温区的超低场磁卡效应。

报告人简介:

李昺,中国科学院金属研究所所务委员、二级研究员,磁性与热功能材料研究部主任,国家杰出青年科学基金获得者,主要从事新型制冷材料研究。以第一或通讯作者身份在Nature (2)、Nature Materials、Science Advances、Nature Communications、PRL、JACS等刊物上发表学术论文140余篇;申请中国及PCT专利26项,已授权16项。曾获辽宁省自然科学一等奖(1/5)、中国青年科技奖、中国科学院青年科学家奖、日本中子学会奖励赏等奖励。主持了国家重点研发计划项目/课题和中国科学院“从0到1”十年期项目等。

11 非常规磁序的全电学操控

时间:5月14日(周四)16:00

单位:清华大学物理系

摘要:

以交错磁体和手性反铁磁为代表的非常规磁体打破了对于磁性材料的传统认知和分类观点,它们融合了铁磁和反铁磁两者的部分特征和优势,集零杂散场、太赫兹动力学和易读写性等优势于一身,被视作发展高密度、高速度和低功耗的磁存储的理想体系。然而,在零辅助磁场条件下实现对非常规磁序的电学操控,始终是推动非常规磁体走向器件应用的核心挑战。本研究将晶体对称性确立为交错磁体这种新型磁相的根本调控维度,通过开发具有丰富晶体对称性的、可工作在室温条件下的交错磁体CrSb,利用晶格畸变引发磁空间群的切换,突破了交错磁体的全电学读写技术。另一方面,通过同质结的创新理念和设计,首次整合了手性反铁磁中非共线自旋指纹的两个核心维度,利用非常规的自旋流诱发Mn3Sn手性反铁磁序的非常规磁动力学,在零磁场条件下实现了手性反铁磁序的完全翻转,效率也实现了大幅度的跃升。相关结果不仅初步建立了非常规磁体的构效关系,还有望助力发展兼具超高密度、超快读写和低功耗特性的新一代磁存储器。

报告人简介:

宋成,清华大学材料学院教授,先进材料教育部重点实验室主任,为先书院副院长。研究方向为信息功能材料,主要包括自旋电子学材料、声表面波滤波器和磁声耦合器件。出版《自旋电子学材料与器件》专著一部,在《自然》和《自然•材料》等期刊发表学术论文200余篇,引用2万余次。曾获国家自然科学奖二等奖(排第3)、教育部自然科学奖一等奖(排第1)、新基石“科学探索奖”和全国“首届卓越青年研究生导师奖励基金”。兼任中国材料研究学会常务理事/青委会主任和中国真空学会理事/薄膜专委会主任。

12 基于强场量子几何的高次谐波偏振态完全调控

时间:5月15日(周五)9:30

单位:中国科学院物理研究所

摘要:

在强激光场驱动的系统中,对称性约束下的选择定则决定了非线性光学谐波的产生效率与偏振特性。近期研究已实验观测到布洛赫态非绝热动力学中的带间贝里相位,为利用布洛赫电子的量子几何特性操控量子态演化路径提供了新途径 [PRL 133, 243801 (2024);Nature 626, 66 (2024)]。这种量子相位调控方法有望突破自旋角动量守恒的限制,为高次谐波光谱的偏振操控开辟新方向。本报告介绍一种实现高次谐波手性与椭圆率完全控制的新方法:利用光场与晶体相互作用中的动力学对称性破缺,放宽偏振选择定则并引入可调谐控制维度;进而通过将跃迁偶极矩相位与倍频扰动的带间贝里相位共同编码至正交谐波分量的光谱相位中,实现偶数阶谐波的确定性偏振控制。这种偏振操控机制主要由驱动场参数主导,结合晶体方位角旋转,可在完整庞加莱球上实现任意偏振态的连续调控。该方案为极紫外波段高次谐波的偏振调控研究提供了新的技术路径。

报告人简介:

白亚,中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所,超强激光科学与技术全国重点实验室研究员。主要从事强场激光驱动固体材料中的超快动力学及固体高次谐波产生研究。代表性工作发表于Nature Physics、PRL等期刊。曾获第十一届饶毓泰基础光学奖二等奖,入选中国科学院稳定支持基础研究领域青年团队,及青促会会员,并曾作为技术骨干参与大科学装置建设。