AI打开就业新通道：双语阅读

SHANGHAI — In a film and TV studio in Shanghai's Lingang New Area, Lu Guozong works alone in front of a computer. There are no bulky cameras, no dedicated lighting crews, and no lively line of production assistants around him.

上海——在上海临港新片区的一家影视制作基地，陆国宗独自面对电脑屏幕忙碌着，身旁看不到笨重的摄像机、灯光组，也不见往来穿梭的场务人员。

Still, just by entering commands on an artificial intelligence workflow platform, he can turn a quick burst of inspiration into a high-definition cinematic clip, complete with smooth camera motion. "AI is a productivity tool, but more importantly, it is a partner working alongside me," Lu said.

但只要在人工智能工作流平台上输入几组操作指令，他就能把转瞬的灵感变成高清电影级视频，镜头运动也能做到自然流畅。卢说：“人工智能是一种提高生产力的工具，但更重要的是，它是我并肩协作的伙伴。”

Lu is among the expanding group of "AI content creators", representing many of the new roles taking shape as AI reshapes China's labor market. From humanoid robot "teachers" to "translators" that connect human language with machine code, these jobs are reshaping the meaning of work in the world's second-largest economy.

陆正站在不断壮大的“AI内容创作者”队伍里——在人工智能持续改变中国劳动力市场的过程中，众多新岗位正由此诞生。从人形机器人“教师”到帮助实现人类语言与机器代码衔接的“翻译员”，这些角色正在重塑在全球第二大经济体里“工作的意义”。

In 2020, China formally added "artificial intelligence trainer" to its occupational classification code, recognizing it as a new profession. These specialists work like "translators", carrying out data labeling, algorithm tuning, and system upkeep to help AI understand human intent more accurately.

2020年，中国将“人工智能训练师”正式纳入职业分类代码，认定为一种新职业。相关人员承担“翻译官”的角色，通过数据标注、算法优化以及系统维护，让人工智能能够更准确地把握人的意图。

In Shanghai, the profession is listed as a "critically undersupplied high-skill occupation". Official data show that in 2025 alone, Shanghai recorded 16,300 participants in AI trainer evaluations, and nearly 11,000 of them obtained vocational certificates.

在上海，这一岗位被列为“严重供不应求的高技能职业”。公开数据表明，仅2025年，上海就有1.63万人参加人工智能训练师考核，近1.1万人获得职业证书。

Hu Shengxiang, a researcher at a tech company in Shanghai, described his work as a "guardian of the last mile" for AI product deployment. He said his team shifted from being "model-centric" to being "data-centric".

上海一家科技公司的研究员胡胜祥把自己的工作称作人工智能产品落地实施的“最后一公里守护者”。他说，团队已从“以模型为中心”转向了“以数据为中心”。

"Pure algorithm tuning has reached a ceiling," Hu said. "The real edge comes from high-quality data and better feedback loops. My aim is to standardize how humans and machines collaborate, so we can improve the quality of our research input."

胡说：“纯粹的算法调优已经碰到天花板，高质量的数据和更精细的反馈机制才是关键。我的目标是把人机协作流程做成标准，从而提升我们的科研投入产出。”

Li Na, general manager of the Shanghai company, added that the demand for such roles in Shanghai is rising by more than 30 percent every year. With government subsidies behind them, the "industry-education integration" approach is bringing enterprises, research institutes, and universities closer together.

上海公司总经理李娜进一步表示，上海对这类岗位的需求增长速度超过每年30%。在政府补贴支持下，“产教融合”模式正在加深企业、科研院所与高校之间的联系。

At AgiBot, an intelligent robot manufacturer in Shanghai, the data collection center brings humanoid robots into action in rows. Young workers watch closely while wearing VR goggles and holding remote controllers. These are "humanoid robot data collectors"—the "teachers" who guide robots through thousands of practice cycles, such as pouring water or grasping objects, under different lighting and weight conditions.

在位于上海的智能机器人制造企业阿吉博特的数据采集中心，仿人机器人被成排摆放并开展工作，年轻工人戴着VR眼镜、手持遥控摇杆进行全程观察与操作。这些岗位被称为“仿人机器人数据采集员”，也可理解为“老师”：他们通过人工引导，让机器人在不同光照与重量条件下反复完成倒水或抓取等动作数千次。

"I took the job because the humanoid robot market is booming," said Liu Genlin, a 22-year-old data collector. "I wanted to find out how the machines actually learn and what direction they will head toward."

22岁的数据采集员刘根林说：“我选择这份工作，是因为人形机器人市场正快速升温。我想弄清楚这些机器到底如何学习，也想看看它们接下来会朝哪个方向发展。”

Peng Zhihui, co-founder and chief technology officer of AgiBot, noted that the center has gathered over one million high-quality data points, covering home, catering, industrial, and office scenarios.

彭志辉，阿吉博特联合创始人兼首席技术官指出，该中心已累计收集超过一百万条高质量数据，覆盖家庭、餐饮、工业以及办公等多类场景。对于陈晓宇这样的电影人来说，人工智能是一种“回归创作本质”的工具：通过把重复且偏机械的工作交给AI，陈晓宇能够把更多精力放在叙事结构、美学呈现与情感表达上。

"AI can produce a frame quickly, but whether that frame carries real meaning depends on day-to-day observation, thinking, and reading," Chen said. "AI is the executor, not the creator. It helps directors regain creative autonomy, and it frees them from constraints like tight budgets or limited on-site conditions."

陈先生表示：“人工智能确实能很快生成一个画面，但画面能否传达出真正有价值的内容，仍要看创作者在日常中的观察、思考和阅读。AI是执行者，不是创造者。”它帮助导演重新获得创作自主性，不再被预算不足或现场条件受限所束缚。

Over the 2021-25 period, the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security announced 72 new professions, with more than 20 of them related to AI. Experts estimate that in the short term, each new profession can stimulate employment for about 300,000 to 500,000 people.

在2021至2025年间，人力资源和社会保障部共发布了72个新职业，其中超过20个与人工智能相关。专家预测，每个新职业在短期内都可能带动30万至50万人就业。