AI与人类智慧深度对比阅读推荐

发布时间：2026-06-01 07:09来源：微信阅读：4

今日完成武汉五月联考题目时，学生对文章首句理解存在困难：Claims that artificial intelligence (AI) borders on human intelligence have become commonplace. 教学中我们常指导学生运用词汇基本含义进行引申理解，由于英语词汇含义丰富，需掌握迁移理解技巧。border本意为边界，此处border on应理解为接近之意。该句表达为：人工智能接近人类智能的说法已屡见不鲜。

联想到2023年浙江一月卷中也有将AI与人类进行对比的文章。然而AI真能超越人类智慧吗？两篇英语阅读助你理解人机核心差异！现将两篇文章整理推荐，以下为题目内容：

2023年浙江一月卷

英语阅读中人工智能（AI）始终是热门话题，无论高考真题或模拟试卷，科技思辨类文本出现频率极高。

首篇文本以Project Debater辩论机器人为切入点，先展示AI强大的辩论实战能力，继而揭示核心缺陷：机器仅能拼接符号、调取预制素材，无法真正理解语言深层含义；人类语义认知源于社交互动、社会环境与生活体验，这是AI难以复制的核心特质。

次篇从人类智慧的群体演化、具象感知、多元文化认知三个维度，逐步解析人机本质区别：人类智能源于世代传承的协作交流、亲身体验与多元文明积淀；而AI仅依赖有限网络数据统计规律，存在先天偏见，缺乏自主意识、共情与独立认知。文末明确观点：目前无任何证据表明AI能够超越真正人类智能。

为何推荐两篇联合精读？主题同源，逻辑互补：两篇均围绕「AI无法拥有真正人类智能」展开论述，首篇浅显易懂构建基础认知，次篇深化拓展高阶词汇与复杂句式，循序渐进掌握话题核心。以下为首篇文章word版本！

A machine can now not only beat you at chess, it can also outperform you in debate. Last week, in a public debate in San Francisco, a software program called Project Debater beat its human opponents, including Noa Ovadia, Israel's former national debating champion.

Brilliant though it is, Project Debater has some weaknesses. It takes sentences from its library of documents and prebuilt arguments and strings them together. This can lead to the kinds of errors no human would make. Such wrinkles will no doubt be ironed out, yet they also point to a fundamental problem. As Kristian Hammond, professor of electrical engineering and computer science at Northwestern University, put it: "There's never a stage at which the system knows what it's talking about."

What Hammond is referring to is the question of meaning, and meaning is central to what distinguishes the least intelligent of humans from the most intelligent of machines. A computer works with symbols. Its program specifies a set of rules to transform one string of symbols into another. But it does not specify what those symbols mean. Indeed, to a computer, meaning is irrelevant. Humans, in thinking, talking, reading and writing, also work with symbols. But for humans, meaning is everything. When we communicate, we communicate meaning. What matters is not just the outside of a string of symbols, but the inside too, not just how they are arranged but what they mean.

Meaning emerges through a process of social interaction, not of computation, interaction that shapes the content of the symbols in our heads. The rules that assign meaning lie not just inside our heads, but also outside, in society, in social memory, social conventions and social relations. It is this that distinguishes humans from machines. And that's why, however astonishing Project Debater may seem, the tradition that began with Socrates and Confucius will not end with artificial intelligence.

28. Why does the author mention Noa Ovadia in the first paragraph?

A. To explain the use of a software program.

B. To show the cleverness of Project Debater.

C. To introduce the designer of Project Debater.

D. To emphasize the fairness of the competition.

29. What does the underlined word "wrinkles" in paragraph 2 refer to?

A. Arguments. B. Doubts.

C. Errors. D. Differences.

30. What is Project Debater unable to do according to Hammond?

A. Create rules.

B. Comprehend meaning.

C. Talk fluently.

D. Identify difficult words.

31. What can we learn from the last paragraph?

A. Social interaction is key to understanding symbols.

B. The human brain has potential yet to be developed.

C. Ancient philosophers set good examples for debaters.

D. Artificial intelligence ensures humans a bright future.

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